Forchlorfenuron Usage And Synthesis |
Introduction |
1-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-3-phenylurea, CPPU, also known as chlorpyrifos urea, KT-30, etc.,
is a plant growth regulator of the cytokinin class.
It has the effects of inducing callus growth and promoting bud development before harvest.
After harvest, it has a significant effect on controlling post-harvest leaf yellowing and post-harvest diseases of various fruits and vegetables.
For example, CPPU has a significant effect on delaying the yellowing of Chinese cabbage and rice leaves. |
Toxicity |
The original drug has an acute oral LD50 of 1510 mg/kg for mice and an acute dermal LD50 of >10000 mg/kg for rats. It is mildly irritating to rabbit skin.
Ames test and micronucleus test showed no mutagenic effect. |
Mechanism of Action |
Forchlorfenuron is a new type of plant growth regulator with highly active phenylurea cytokinin substances.
It can promote plant growth and early maturity, delay the senescence of leaves in the later stage of crops, and increase yield. |
Chemical properties |
The original drug (content more than 85%) is a white solid powder, m.p.168～174℃. It is easily soluble in acetone, ethanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide, and its solubility in water is 65mg/L. |
Uses |
Chlorfenapyr is a phenylurea cytokinin that affects the development of plant buds, accelerates cell mitosis, promotes cell enlargement and differentiation,
and prevents the shedding of fruits and flowers, thereby promoting plant growth, early maturity, delaying the senescence of crop leaves in the later stage,
and increasing yields. It is mainly manifested in: ① Promoting the growth of stems, leaves, roots, and fruits. For example,
it can be used in tobacco planting to make leaves hypertrophy and increase production. ② Promoting fruiting. It can increase the yield of fruits and vegetables
such as tomatoes, eggplants, and apples. ③ Accelerating the thinning of fruits and falling leaves. Thinning of fruits can increase fruit yield, improve quality,
and make the fruit size uniform. For cotton and soybeans, falling leaves can make harvesting easier. ④ It can be used as a herbicide at high concentrations.
⑤ Others. Such as the drying effect of cotton, increasing sugar content in beets and sugarcane, etc. |
Uses |
Used as a plant growth regulator, it has cytokinin activity, can promote cell division, differentiation, organ formation, protein synthesis, improve photosynthesis, etc. |
Uses |
It is a phenylurea plant growth regulator with cytokinin activity, and its biological activity is 10-100 times higher than that of 6-benzylaminopurine.
It is widely used in agriculture, horticulture and fruit trees to promote cell division, cell expansion and elongation, fruit hypertrophy, increase yield, and preserve freshness, etc. |
Production method |
Preparation method 1 Preparation of 2-chloro-4-aminopyridine: 2-chloropyridine is used as the raw material.
In an acetic acid medium, hydrogen peroxide is used as an oxidant to oxidize it into 2-chloropyridine-N-oxide,
which is then nitrated with mixed acid to obtain 2-chloro-4-nitropyridine-N-oxide, and then reduced by conventional
methods to obtain 2-chloro-4-aminopyridine. It can also be used as a raw material to oxidize isonicotinic acid
N-oxide with hydrogen peroxide, which is then aminized to obtain isonicotinamide N-oxide, which is then chlorinated
to obtain 2-chloro-isonicotinamide, and finally Hofmann degradation reaction to obtain 2-chloro-4-aminopyridine. |
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Preparation of phenyl isocyanate Aniline reacts with phosgene to produce phenyl isocyanate. |
Synthesis of chlorfenuron 2-chloro-4-aminopyridine reacts with phenyl isocyanate to produce chlorfenuron. |
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Preparation method 2 |
2-Chloro-4-pyridyl isocyanate reacts with aniline to prepare chlorpyrifos urea. |
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Preparation method 3 |
2-Chloroisonicotinyl chloride reacts with sodium azide to generate 2-chloroisonicotinyl azide, which then reacts with aniline in a dry container to generate chlorfenuron. |
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